Disintegrator

ABSTRACT

A disintegrator comprising two motor-driven rotors which rotate in opposite senses in a housing, each of the two rotors carrying at least one circular series of working tools for treating material, said circular series of working tools of said rotors being concentric, at least one of said circular series of working tools being provided with fan blades, said fan blades extending within the circular series of said working tools, each of said fan blades being disposed between two of said working tools.

United States Patent Benedikter 1 July 15, 1975 [5 DISINTEGRATOR 3.411.724 11/1968 Noe 241/188 R [7 n en or Karl ened enna, Austria 3,549,093 12/1970 Pallmann 241/188 R X [73] Assignee: Patentanstalt fur Neue Baustoffe, Primary Examiner-Roy Lake Aduz, Liechtenstein Assislant Examiner-E. F. Desmond Filed: y 3, 1974 Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Imirie, Smiley & Linn App]. No: 485,494

[30] Foreign Application Priority Data July 5. 1973 Austria 5922/73 [52] US. Cl. 241/55; 241/188 R [51] Int. Cl. B02c 13/08 [58] Field of Search 241/188 R, 188 A. 55

[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,338.373 1/1944 Aurig .4 241/188 A X [5 7] ABSTRACT A disintegrator comprising two motor-driven rotors which rotate in opposite senses in a housing, each of the two rotors carrying at least one circular series of working tools for treating material, said circular series of working tools of said rotors being concentric, at least one of said circular series of working tools being provided with fan blades, said fan blades extending within the circular series of said working tools, each of said fan blades being disposed between two of said working tools.

9 Claims, 5 Drawing Figures DISINTEGRATOR SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A disintegrator comprising oppositely rotating rotors, which carry concentric circular series of working tools. Fan blades extend in at least one of said circular series between the working tools thereof.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In the known disintegrators the rotors are provided only with beating tools, such as rods, pins, metal plates, blades, or the like, and the formation of an air stream for discharging the material, the degree of disintegrating and the formation of the protective layer depend on the form, helix angle, and peripheral velocity of said tools. With the known rotors of this kind, the object cannot be accomplished or can be accomplished only in part. The most frequent disadvantages are an inadequate working of the material and an incomplete formation of the protective layer.

The Printed German Specification No. 1,296,943 discloses a disintegrator which has a working means consisting of two oppositely rotating rotors, which carry concentric circular series of blades, which serve as beating tools and have working surfaces which be come covered during operation with a protective layer of the material to be treated.

The rotors described in said printed specification have a serious disadvantage, which resides in that such rotors cannot be used in disintegrators if the blades serving as beating tools have a helix angle below 15. If the blades have a helix angle a l5, the material to be fed into the disintegrator will be thrown back from the feed opening because the stream of the gaseous fluid, such as air, which is produced by the rotors opposes the stream of the particles of the material to be fed into the disintegrator. According to the Printed German Specification No. 1,296,943, a helix angle between 20 and 30 is recommended for the formation of a protective layer of the material to be worked. Finally, it is proposed to provide the blades with a concave working surface. These measures too have not been satisfactory as far as the above-mentioned objects are concerned.

It is an object of the invention so to design said circular series that the treated material is smoothly guided from the inlet side, disposed adjacent to the drive shaft, to the outlet, which is disposed near the periphery. Another object of the invention is to provide special measures which ensure the formation of a protective layer on the working tools so that the same have a much longer life than has been possible before. Finally it is an object of the invention to provide special measures which enable a replacement even of part of the working tools and a particularly effective protection of those zones of said tools which are particularly subjected to wear.

Further details of the invention will be explained more fully with reference to the drawing, which show diagrammatically a disintegrator and various designs and arrangements of working tools and fan blades. In diagrammatic views,

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view on a plane extending along the axis of rotation of a disintegrator according to a special embodiment of the invention,

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken on line II-Il in FIG. 1, the housing and parts thereof being omitted for the sake of simplicity, and

FIGS. 3 to 5 show respective a blading portions with different designs and arrangements of the disintegrating tools and fan blades.

The disintegrator shown in FIG. 1 is similar in structure to the disintegrator disclosed in the US. Pat. Application Ser. No. 338,521 of the same applicant. It consists also of a housing 10, in which two oppositely rotating rotors 1, 2 are mounted. One rotor l is driven by the shaft IA in the direction of the arrow A and the other rotor 2 is driven by the shaft 2A in the opposite direction B.

The material to be treated is worked upon by working tools 6, which form three concentric circular series 3, 4, 5 and may consist of blades serving as beating and- /or mixing tools. In the present case the working tools of the outermost circular series 5 and of the innvermost circular series 3 are carried by the rotor l and the working tools of the intervening circular series 4 are carried by the rotor 2. For this purpose the blades of each circular series are gripped between two parallel rings 3A, 3B or 4A, 4B or 5A, 5B. The rings 3A and 5A are carried by a disc 18 of rotor l and the ring 48 is carried by a disc 2B of rotor 2.

The form, arrangement and number of the working tools arranged in concentric circular series and their provision on oppositely rotating rotors may be different from the above, e.g., in accordance with the abovementioned US. Patent Application Ser. No. 338,52l.

In the simplest embodiment, shown in FIG. 2, the blades consist of flat plates. Alternatively they may be concave or, as shown in FIGS. 3 to S, angled. The base plate 7 of this beating blade has a helix angle a, which is measured outwardly from a plane 7' extending peripherally at the leading edge of the blade (tangential plane).

In angled beating tools, the angled portion 6 or 6" is shorter than the remaining portion 8" and amounts preferably to one-half or less of the overall length of the beating tools consisting of a blade or plate. The shorter portion 6 or 6" is inclined from portion 6" toward the center of the rotor. As is apparent from FIG. 3, the angled end portions 6', 6" may be provided at both ends of portion 6" or, in accordance with the embodiment of FIG. 5, only at one end thereof, in the present case preferably at the trailing end. They are preferably made of or coated cermet and are replaceably mounted. Finally, as is shown in FIG. 3, the outer edges of portions 6', 6", which outer edges face the axis of the motor, may be covered with protective strips 10. Instead of blades it is possible to use pins, bolts or different working tools. Depending on the working program, different combinations of the described beating or working tools can be used.

Fan blades 8 are provided between the working tools or at that end of each working tool of the outermost circular series 5 which is the leading end when the rotor l is rotating. Like the working tools 6, the fan blades 8 are gripped between the rings which carry them and may have any desired shape, e.g., of a plate, finger, or the like. They serve to ensure that the material to be treated flows in an outward direction and also to form a protective layer of the material to be treated on that surface of the beating tools which faces the rotor axis. This protective layer should be formed regardless of the helix angle a. The same may be less than l5 for certain operations whereas a larger angle, e.g., of 20-30, may be more desirable for other operations.

The fan blades 8 may be disposed within the outer circular series 5 of tools, as is shown in FIG. 2, or may protrude outwardly, as is shown in FIG. 4. They extend suitably radially and preferably include an angle of 90 with the plane of the beating tool. Further advantages may be afforded by the use of fan blades extending be yond the inner edge of the beating tool, particularly if the latter consists of a blade or plate. An example of such design is shown in FIG. 5. it will be understood that, within the scope of the invention, different positions and arrangements of the fan blades and different angles thereof relative to the beating tools may be selected. For instance, the above-mentioned preferred angular position relative to the angled portion 6 or 6" of the beating tool may be employed.

The length l of the fan blades 8 is selected so that the stream of gaseous fluid, which stream is generally by said blades, has an intensity which is sufficient to overcome the oppositely directed stream produced by the beating tools 6. This ensures a normal action of the retors so that the particles of material fed into the central portion of the rotors impinge on the beating tools 6 which are covered with a protective layer of the material to be treated and the stream of the gaseous fluid promotes the discharge of the particles.

The change of the length l of the fan blades 8 results in a change of the granulometric composition of the activated material. This enables the selection of an optimally suitable granulometric composition for definite technological requirements. Because the use of fan blades 8 permits also of the use of beating tools having a helix angle or below stronger and more durable protective layers will be formed on the beating tools, particularly in the treatment of wet mixtures, than with the known rotors.

For the sake of clearness the housing 10 is shown in the present case as a simple box having end walls 11, 12, a peripheral wall 13 and a feed pipe 14 for feeding the material to be treated into the central portion of the working chamber enclosed by the housing. The housing 10 may have any desired, suitable shape. For instance, the housing may be designed as described and claimed in the US. Patent Application Ser. No. 338,521. A stationary housing may also be used, of course.

It will be understood that various other structural changes may be adopted within the course of the invention. For instance, the working tools may comprise means for cutting various materials, such as plastics materials, fibers, composite materials, rubber or other tough materials and for this purpose may be provided with cutting edges.

This is particularly possible with pinlike beating tools.

The fan means may not only be used in conjunction with baffle plates but also in conjunction with pinlike beating tools. Pinlike working tools are particularly important and of advantage for grinding cereals or cement clinker, and all soft materials which cannot by themselves form a sufficiently hard protective layer on the plates are desirably treated with pinlike working tools. The number of circular series on the oppositely rotating rotors and the sequence of said circular series may be selected as desired. Besides, fan blades may be provided on the inner circular series.

I claim:

1. A disintegrator comprising two motor-driven rotors which rotate in opposite senses in a housing, each of the two rotors carrying at least one circular series of working tools for treating material, said circular series of working tools of said rotors being concentric, at least one of said circular series of working tools being provided with fan blades, said fan blades extending within the circular series of said working tools, each of said fan blades being disposed between two of said working tools.

2. A disintegrator as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that the fan blades (8) protrude outwardly from the outermost circular series (5) of working tools on the rotors.

3. A disintegrator as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that the fan blades (8) include an angle of about with the base plane of the working tools.

4. A disintegrator as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that the fan blades (8) adjoin the leading end of the working tool (6), which is inclined to the radial direction, and the fan blades are inclined opposite to the direction of movement of the working tools.

5. A disintegrator as set forth in claim 4, characterized in that the working tools are inclined to the radial direction and the fan blades protrude beyond the working tools toward the rotor shaft and are inclined opposite to the direction of movement of the working tools.

6. A disintegrator as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that said working tools have at least one end portion which is angled toward the rotor shaft.

7. A disintegrator as set forth in claim 6, characterized in that the angled portions of the working tools consist of cermet or are provided with a coating of metal or plastics material.

8. A disintegrator as set forth in claim 6, characterized in that the angled portions are replaceable.

9. A disintegrator as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that at least some of the working tools are provided with a cutting edge to serve as cutting tools. 

1. A disintegrator comprising two motor-driven rotors which rotate in opposite senses in a housing, each of the two rotors carrying at least one circular series of working tools for treating material, said circular series of working tools of said rotors being concentric, at least one of said circular series of working tools being provided with fan blades, said fan blades extending within the circular series of said working tools, each of said fan blades being disposed between two of said working tools.
 2. A disintegrator as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that the fan blades (8) protrude ouTwardly from the outermost circular series (5) of working tools on the rotors.
 3. A disintegrator as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that the fan blades (8) include an angle of about 90* with the base plane of the working tools.
 4. A disintegrator as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that the fan blades (8) adjoin the leading end of the working tool (6), which is inclined to the radial direction, and the fan blades are inclined opposite to the direction of movement of the working tools.
 5. A disintegrator as set forth in claim 4, characterized in that the working tools are inclined to the radial direction and the fan blades protrude beyond the working tools toward the rotor shaft and are inclined opposite to the direction of movement of the working tools.
 6. A disintegrator as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that said working tools have at least one end portion which is angled toward the rotor shaft.
 7. A disintegrator as set forth in claim 6, characterized in that the angled portions of the working tools consist of cermet or are provided with a coating of metal or plastics material.
 8. A disintegrator as set forth in claim 6, characterized in that the angled portions are replaceable.
 9. A disintegrator as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that at least some of the working tools are provided with a cutting edge to serve as cutting tools. 